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RAID 0 (Striped) Intel X25-M 160GB SSD drives, MacBook Pro 17″ unibody

:: Saturday, April 18th, 2009 @ 4:29:49 pm

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After three years on my old MacBook Pro 15″, I purchased a new MacBook Pro 17″ unibody. It’s gorgeous. I elected to get the glossy screen because I often work outside or in areas with bright light streaming in from windows (e.g. boat salons). Matte screens simply don’t work in those environments. Go ahead — tell me I’m wrong, and I’ll ignore you as I continue to be productive.

Anyway, continuing on my path to create the ultimate mobile computing platform (prev: RAID 0 in MBP, OCZ RAID 0 SSD in MBP), I shoved two Intel X25-M 160GB SSD into my new MBP 17″, again, using the MCE Tech Optibay. On these newer MacBook Pros, the Superdrive is (finally) SATA. I benchmarked the Intel X25-M SSD in both the standard internal SATA bay as well as in the SATA Optibay, and there was no performance hit like there was with the old Optibay, which used a IDE-SATA bridge.

So, why did I purchase the Intel X25-M over another drive, like the OCZ Vertex, which has also been favorably reviewed?

I did so because I wanted a SSD that would perform well while multitasking. Last time, I made the mistake of purchasing OCZ Core Series v2 drives, which use the notorious JMicron MLC controller, resulting in terrible write delays. On that system, the system screamed along just fine if I was only doing one task at a time, but as soon as I started doing any sort of serious multitasking, it punished me by slowing down to a crawl.

If you’re interested in going SSD, you should absolutely read this article: The SSD Anthology: Understanding SSDs and New Drives from OCZ. It’s the best article I’ve read that compares SSDs that are just hitting the market (and, it tells an interesting story about OCZ and their philosophy as a company). I’ve also read that the Intel SSDs run cool to the touch. After using the old MacBook Pro and hot-to-the-touch OCZ Core Series v2 drives, I’ve had enough crotch burning.

I chose the Intel.

Before I did anything with the new drives, I updated their firmware from 045C8790 to 045C8820. Here’s a useful article on the firmware update, and what it does: Intel Responds to Fragmentation with New X25-M Firmware.

I’m sorry I didn’t take any photos of the system with two SSDs in it. I’m sure there are some already out there.

The results are incredible, and when switching from application to application, the system doesn’t pause at all. In fact, I can almost never tell that there is something going on in the background — that is, assuming that the operations are disk-bound and not CPU-bound. Restoring a VMWare Fusion virtual machine happens in a matter of seconds, even when it hasn’t yet been cached. When it’s in the cache, Fusion barely has time to display the drop-down status flap before my Windows instance is ready to go.

I’ve finally found the right combination! Hopefully, it will take me another three years into the future before I have to think about upgrading again.

BENCHMARKS (QuickBench) MacBook Pro 17″ Unibody 2.93Ghz Intel Core 2 Duo
2nd internal SATA drive installed using MCE Technologies OptiBay Hard Drive adapter
Mac OS 10.5.6, Apple software RAID

Striped (RAID 0) Intel X25-M Sequential Read Benchmarks

Striped (RAID 0) Intel X25-M Sequential Write Benchmarks

Striped (RAID 0) Intel X25-M Random Read Benchmarks

Striped (RAID 0) Intel X25-M Random Write Benchmarks

BENCHMARKS: THE NUMBERS (QuickBench) All values are in MB/s

INTEL X25-M SATA 2 x INTEL X25-M SATA RAID 0
Size Seq. Read Seq. Write Ran. Read Ran. Write     Size Seq. Read Seq. Write Ran. Read Ran. Write
4 KB 31.85 25.55 10.10 27.14 4 KB 28.60 23.78 9.52 25.06
8 KB 57.54 30.49 19.58 46.35 8 KB 51.91 41.43 19.49 43.13
16 KB 93.41 60.70 35.33 62.49 16 KB 86.27 76.89 38.06 63.65
32 KB 113.75 63.35 62.08 64.50 32 KB 141.27 97.61 62.28 80.15
64 KB 132.60 68.56 99.49 70.10 64 KB 188.05 97.93 110.82 81.65
128 KB 178.26 74.23 144.01 76.17 128 KB 265.47 117.16 187.60 112.45
256 KB 211.41 77.46 186.80 78.85 256 KB 337.05 122.75 266.91 117.40
512 KB 236.13 79.04 218.15 79.94 512 KB 398.48 135.09 343.67 128.12
1024 KB 248.80 80.12 239.27 80.41 1024 KB 451.86 141.95 415.26 138.33
2 MB 254.97 82.38 2 MB 461.27 145.69
3 MB 263.73 79.04 3 MB 476.10 151.36
4 MB 262.89 83.05 4 MB 482.10 149.18
5 MB 263.75 79.99 5 MB 485.78 153.15
6 MB 264.57 80.01 6 MB 489.77 150.37
7 MB 265.24 81.10 7 MB 496.41 153.10
8 MB 265.20 78.80 8 MB 498.16 155.70
9 MB 266.37 80.79 9 MB 505.32 143.93
10 MB 263.47 79.25 10 MB 495.44 145.21
20 MB 268.29 78.04 20 MB 518.20 152.36
30 MB 267.82 78.10 30 MB 525.52 144.51
40 MB 265.52 77.35 40 MB 526.34 143.84
50 MB 264.76 75.66 50 MB 525.06 148.06
60 MB 267.71 77.93 60 MB 526.03 149.64
70 MB 267.37 77.96 70 MB 531.73 153.58
80 MB 267.08 74.93 80 MB 531.52 153.16
90 MB 267.61 74.99 90 MB 525.44 141.02
100 MB 268.60 75.32 100 MB 529.91 124.03

XBENCH RESULTS

I also ran Xbench on my system (booted fully configured — no attempt to boot cleanly), and it scored a 239.41 [results as txt].

ADDENDUM

For those of you attempting this, be sure to check out how the new MBP SuperDrive differs from the one MCE Tech puts in their home installation instructions: MacBook Pro 17″ Unibody SuperDrive area change

ANOTHER ADDENDUM

I got attacked on a forum for stating that the Vertex uses a Samsung controller (it doesn’t). That was wrong, and I acknowledged my mistake. But I still am sticking with my decision to go with Intel. Look at this Anandtech article, for example. While the Vertex outperforms the Intel in sequential writes and reads, it gets its ass kicked in random reads and writes. Here’s what the article concludes:

My recommendation still stands: the Intel X25-M is by far the cream of the crop of the desktop SSD world. The Indilinx based drives have the potential to be good, lower cost alternatives to the Intel drive but you still have to approach them with caution. While the OCZ Vertex drive worked fine in my tests and on my testbed, this is a brand new drive with a controller from a company without a proven track record.

In the coming weeks I will be looking at the latest updates to Samsung’s MLC controller. While I haven’t been terribly impressed with the performance of Samsung drives thus far, they are at least reliable and compatible.

While I’ve heard that the JMicron based drives are no longer selling very well, it looks like at least a few manufacturers are going to be using the JMF602B controllers to deliver 512GB SSDs in the coming months. Buyer beware.

I will say this: outside of Intel, Indilinx appears to know what is important when it comes to SSD performance. With more companies releasing drives based on the Barefoot controller, we should hopefully see any compatibility problems get sorted out faster.

There is some even better news that has surfaced since last week. If the 1275 revision ends up being problem-free, it does deliver more than 3x the random-write performance of the Vertex I first previewed and a more than noticeable 10% boost in application performance. That’s not enough to dethrone Intel, but it is more than enough to make the Vertex even more desirable.

The gotcha still applies: this is the first version of an Indilinx controller we’ve seen in the desktop market. Compatibility and longevity have yet to be proven; so far my experience has been positive but that’s merely one datapoint. We have a long way to go my friends.

Popularity: 2% | San Francisco, CA | link | trackback | qrcode | Apr 18, 2009 16:29:49
  • Robert nicholson

    I am currently getting a custom ubuntu live cd so that I can boot on my macbook pro and then use hdparm with SECURE ERASE to completely wipe my X-25M.

  • Robert nicholson

    Also did you bother to get your SuperDrive externally housed?

  • Robert Nicholson

    I take it you had a PC laying around in order to update the firmware because it wasn’t possible on my MacBook Pro 15″ Unibody because of the NVidia incompatibility. Which I don’t know is gone or not after you’ve upgraded their firmware so that next time you may be able to do the upgrade on your mac under the FreeDos image. I think you need Legacy IDE mode though.

    Anyway, SECURE_ERASE will allow me to clear off more than just the data portion of the drive thus returning it to a completely new state. That’s my goal anyway.

    I was reading macrumors recently and I saw a product similar to the Optibay for $99. I may be tempted to do what you’ve done knowing that when/if I need to I can simply reverse the procedure at a later date.

    Did you do the install yourself? Was it trivial on the Unibody? I don’t want to have to go thru what you had to say to replace the harddrive on the previous MacBook Pro’s.

  • http://echeng.com echeng

    Robert – I updated the firmware on my new MBP 17″ with no problems. I just plugged them into the internal SATA port, one at a time and booted from the Intel disc image.

    I did the install myself. It was trivial, but the directions MCE Tech supply do NOT match what you have to do on the 17″. There are two more parts (3 screws, total) that you have to remove.

    I have a housed SuperDrive from my old 15″ that I also modified. I also have a smaller, external DVD writer that powers off of a single USB port, in case I need to travel with something. The housed SuperDrive is just way too big.. but it’s the only option for bootable DVD, so I guess we’re stuck with it!

  • Robert Nicholson

    Ah now I see why you were able to do that

    “I updated their firmware from 045C8790 to 045C8820″

    My drive was 8610 which is why I had the NVidia issue. Well it’s good to see that going forward I can do my own upgrades now instead of borrowing my work collegue’s Dell.

    It would be interesting to know if the firmware updater can now see both drives or only one.

  • Issac

    Cool! I’ve been using an X25-M for a few months now for a bunch of VMware stuff and I love it.

  • mike0804

    Spectacular performance, Eric. Frankly, I would been skeptical of anyone claiming that kind of throughput on a MacBook Pro, even with SSD’s. You’re one of the few people I would trust on this.

    Um, Eric, I think you ought to put plenty insurance on that thing, eh?

    Michael

  • Whitney McBee

    Hello Eric,

    Very helpful posting you’ve provided here. I have a few questions?

    -On this MacBook Pro 17-inch (Early 2009) which you have outfitted with an Intel X25-M RAID0 set, how does it effect this laptops ability to Sleep and wake from sleep (without trouble)?

    -Also, while the X25-M does not Write as fast as it reads, dose the overall Write speed of the X25-M RAID0 perform better than a 7200RPM 2.5-inch spinning hard drive?

    Thank you again for your article and thank you in advance for your response to these questions.

    – Whitney

  • http://echeng.com echeng

    Whitney – I have had no problems sleeping and waking the machine.

    You should check out benchmarks comparing the Intel X25-M against traditional drives. Here’s one:

    Tom’s Hardware Review

    Here’s what they say about (their drive tested slower, but it was the first 80GB drive that came out — I think they have been tweaked, since):

    At this speed, the X25-M beats even the fastest 15,000 RPM SAS hard drives for servers in reads, but in writes it cannot compete with fast hard drives. If you intend to do hard disk recording or other applications with demand for fast sequential writes, there are faster options available.

    The Western Digital Velociraptor is the fastest 2.5″ drive, and it will do sequential writes faster than the Intel. However, it is 15mm high, which means that it won’t fit in most notebooks.

    You may also want to look at the benchmarks included in the OCZ review I linked to above. It has random write comparisons for SSD and traditional drives. The Velociraptor writes at 1.63 MB/s, while the Intel X25-M does 39.3 MB/s.

  • http://crimino.e3b.org/?p=149 MacBook Pro 17″ Unibody mod | .crimino

    [...] details here ~ Author: Stefan~ Categories: .geek Tags: Commentaires (0) Trackbacks (0) Commenter [...]

  • Whitney McBee

    Eric,

    Thanks for your quick response. I have three more questions I’d like to ask you about your RAID 0 MBP 17″ Unibody setup. I’m seriously considering setting up a system like this myself.

    1) In your current configuration (RAID 0) are you able to boot into Target Disk Mode (TDM)? If so, are you able to mount your volume on another Mac (via TDM) for say backups or diagnostics? I wonder about this because I don’t know if or how TDM handles RAID sets (particularly RAID0).

    2) Are you able to boot into Apple Hardware Test (AHT) by Booting holding the “D” key? Newer Macs come with AHT as an invisible volume on the boot disk. This enables the user to run AHT without the setup Discs. If you cloned your original drive onto the RAID set perhaps the AHT volume came over as well. Or, if you did a complete install via the setup discs, perhaps the AHT volume was laid down as well.

    3) Have you tested, or do you know if you are able to run BootCamp with this RAID0 setup?

    Thank you again for a great post.

  • http://echeng.com echeng

    Whitney -

    1) Firewire target mode works for me.

    2) I ended up doing a complete re-install from the disc included with the machine. I rebooted holding down the “D” key, and just got a gray screen — no AHT.

    3) I am told that BootCamp does not work with RAID 0, but it turns out that someone has gotten it to work, sort of (they actually bypassed Bootcamp Assistant). It may not be easy to do…

  • http://httpL//yohanneswijaya.com Yohannes Wijaya

    Hi Eric, during your quest for this “ultimate mobile computing platform”, did you consider the 256GB Samsung PB22-J SSD Drive (MMDOE56G5MXP-0VB) since it has a theoretical write output of three times higher than the X25-M and almost negligible write speed between the two. What is your thought on it? Is there any reason why the Intel’s offering, despite its slower write speed, won the crown for your wallet. Thanks.

    Regards, Yohannes

  • http://echeng.com echeng

    Yohannes – I couldn’t find a good source for the Samsung. But from numbers posted on a NewEgg review, the Intel still beats the Samsung in small-block random reads and writes.

    If I was going to be looking for a solution in a month, I’d probably be investigating the Samsung as well as the Intel.

  • http://yohanneswijaya.com Yohannes Wijaya

    Hi Eric, thanks for the feedback. After reading more in depth about the 2 drives and analyzing the benchmarks on Macrumors’ forum, I agree that the Intel’s is more reliable across the board (A lot of chatters of CRC errors on Samsung’s).

    ps: Very informative article you wrote here. Thanks a bunch.

    Regards, Yohannes

  • http://barefeats.com Rob-ART Morgan

    I prefer the kit by MaxUpgrades for installing two 2.5″ drives in the MacBook Pro (including SSDs): http://www.maxupgrades.com/ist.....N=24161731

    I also recommend waiting for the next generation of SSDs. I’ve tested the X25-M, and though it’s the best of the current generation, it has a relatively slow write speed (75MB/s) as does all the currently shipping SSDs (the X25-E being the only exception).

    To illustrate my point, we tested two 500G Momentus 7200.4 HDDs in a RAID 0 and got 200MB/s WRITE speed at 100MB test size vs 124MB/s with dual X25-Ms in the article.

    But Micron and SanDisk will soon ship large capacity SSDs with both read and write speed over 200MB/s and RAID 0 combined speeds of over 400MB/s read/write.

  • http://echeng.com echeng

    Hey, Rob-ART -

    Thanks for coming here and leaving a message! Why is it that you like the MaxUpgrades kit better? I’m curious, because I’ve never seen one.

    I did want to wait until the next generation, but at some point, you have to make a decision and start working. There will always be something faster and cheaper just around the corner. For example, Intel dropped the price of the X25-M by $120 yesterday, which means that I spent $240 for 20 days. ;)

    As for the 500G Momentus tests — how did they fare during random writes? I’d love 400MB/s write, but this machine as configured above is so fast that I’m OK working on it for awhile until a few more generations of SSD come out. It still seems like a lot of the new SSDs don’t perform as well as the Intel for small random reads and writes, so it may be 6 months to a year before something comes out that is comparable. Now, if you’re just writing huge files to disk, then the new Micron and SanDisk you mention are obviously going to wipe the floor with the Intel…

    Still, my machine is fast NOW, and I’m enjoying it a lot!

  • Robert Nicholson

    I recently swapped out my X-25M (80) for a X-25M (160)

    What I notice is having cloned the 80 to the 160 using CCC when I boot my UMBP it takes at least 20 seconds for the boot sequence to start and then once it’s started it’s very quick to get to the login panel.

    I’m probably going to try a reinstall and restore from Time Machine backup later today but in general it’s odd that the UMBP takes so long to start it’s boot sequence.

  • http://echeng.com echeng

    Robert – I have to wait 6 seconds for my UMBP to chime when it starts up, but it’s up and ready to go in less than 30 seconds total.

    When I had the OCZ Core Series v2, my old MBP would chime and then show a white screen for 20-30 seconds before starting the rest of the boot process.

  • Robert Nicholson

    Yes that white screen and 20-30 seconds is what I’m seeing with this X-25M 160. Again, I’ll be reformatting/reinstalling later so hopefully that will fix that. Will be a little pissed if it doesn’t. Since the X-25 M 80 is up and running in under 20 seconds.

  • http://echeng.com echeng

    Robert — are you running the most recent firmware?

  • Robert Nicholson

    Yes most recent firmware. Turns out because I swapped out my drive and have recently been booting of external drives I’m suppose to set the startup disk again. After I did that the machine now does find the drive a lot faster. So before it was obviously trying to find what it thought should be the boot drive so that’s why it takes longer.

  • Christian

    Eric,

    Your doing some really cool stuff. I’ve been following your site for a little over a year now.

    I had treated myself to my frist 17mbp christimas 07 & as I was becoming more fillmuler w/ Apple. I had droped it @ screen broke.

    Now, I have replced it w/ unibody 17′ mbp. (don’t plan on droping this one!)

    This one is much nicer then my other one. who ever thought of 8g of ram in a laptop w/ battery life of 8hrs & now were putting ssd’s.

    If anyone had said anything like this 5 years ago, they would have thought your crazy.

    Basecllly what you have done w/ your mbp by placing ssd’s & huge amount of ram, you’ have got yourself a portable sever, Too cool!

    In the near fture, I plan on expanding my creative side. Although, I cant seem to deside if d90 or d300 is what I want.

    Since digtal photos would be a new experince for me. D300 seems to be a really cool camera, but ive been told spend the money on lens & not that much on the body.

    if just startiing out as I am. Problem is I like them both. isnt that always the case.

    Thanks Eric for creating a cool forem

  • Whitney McBee

    Eric,

    Thanks for your responses to my previous questions.

    So I’ve got my MacBook Pro 17″ Unibody, 2 Intel X25-M 160GB Drives, and the MCE OptiBay* (thoughts on that later).

    I have much to say about this configuration which I will contribute later, but in the short term I have a few questions?

    1) Once you have: verified or upgraded the firmware to v8820 on the X25-Ms and installed the both drives, how did you go about setting up the RAID 0 set and installing the OS?

    2) Would you please query your Console to see if you have any “AppleRAID” errors?

    3) In the power setting did you turn off “Put the hard disk(s) to sleep when possible?

    4) and Most importantly, how did you get your OS on the RAID 0 set? Did you clone it from the original (single) drive? Or did you do a fresh install? If fresh install, how did you boot fro the installation disks (I’m a bit stumped on that one).

    I’m trying to get my rig up and running and am encountering a little trouble.

    Thank you.

  • Whitney McBee

    Also,

    How did your drives look upon installation? I have to say the tops of my drives did not look new or fresh, they were kind of scuffed up – which pissed me off considering how expensive they were. I got my drives from OWC which claims they are new drives (although I did have to perform the firmware update).

    How did your drives look?

  • Whitney McBee

    I’m getting lots of that spinning beach ball (what is the correct name for that thing) and the system rarely shuts down or restarts properly. As such, I’d like to put down a fresh installation, but am stumped as to how to do so without an optical drive.

    Thanks again.

  • http://echeng.com echeng

    For those of you having 20-second delays on booting, be sure your Startup Disk is set to your current internal drive. It should fix the problem.

  • Chen

    For those of you who had the MCE optibay: Can somebody please confirm that it has three screw holes that fits the 17″ unibody macbook pro? Any pictures? Thanks in advance!

  • ron

    I am doing this implementation on the first generation unibody 15″ plus 2 Intel 80GB SSD flashed with latest firmware in raid 0. The system run fast and great for 2 days. Then everything slows down to the point where the system is not usable, lots of spinning beach balls. Has anyone encountered and soloved this? Someone mentions this could be cause by OS X journaling. Is this true? Help….

  • http://echeng.com echeng

    Ron – that is bizarre. I’m still running my striped setup, and it’s still going strong. It would be nice to have new firmware that implements SSD “garbage collection”, but mine still seems to be running fine after months of daily use.

  • ron

    Eric – turn out one of the 80GB was dying slowly. Trying to get a replacement from Intel. Thanks.

  • fred

    Eric,

    This looks really interesting. I have ordered the MCE kit to use with my 15″ unibody. However, I am undecided about whether to go with the RAID 0 setup like yourself. I could also just use the Intel x-25 as the startup disk and use my current HDD in the additional space.

    But I would like to know what the advatages are of each setup. I’m pretty sure that the speed gains from a striped RAID are impressive, but are they significant when compared to the performance boost I will see from upgrading my 5400RPM drive?

    Also, I’m doing a lot of photo editing and have a pretty large Aperture and iTunes library. Would it be better to keep these files on an SSD or a HDD?

  • Marcio

    Hi Eric, I’m going to purchase a new 13″ Macbook Pro this week and here is my question.

    The Intel X25 is the way to go for RAID 0? or there is any other ssd good performance drive?

    I don’t need lost os space so I may get 2x 64Gb or 120GB

    Thank you

  • Matt

    I have this setup in a 13 uMB and didn’t see any performance hits across either bay (SATA 3.0) Seconds to load Photoshop, while running a VM (Visio is a required tool for me). Productivity benefits are big when added up each day.

  • mark

    Ditto here with the SBOD (spinning ball of death). Brand new MBP 13.3. Installed single Intel X-18M on Snow Leopard (not striped). Seems to be incredibly fast on small apps, but when I load something like VMWare Fusion 3, the spinning ball makes this machine basically useless. Interestingly enough, this SSD came from a Windows 7 laptop that did not exhibit these symptoms when using VMware Workstation. I’ve done all the OS X optimizations from the OCZ forums (noatime, disabled settings with pmset).

  • Kyle

    Hey I just ordered the MCE optibay and a 500GB Seagate Momentous 7200rpm drive to put in my 17″ MacBook Pro. I already have the same drive installed currently and I wanted to add the second one for extra storage and to do video and photo work. I was wondering if anyone could tell me the best configuration of the drives to maximize speed and storage space. I have a time capsule that can back up my computer, so backing up isn’t a problem. I use Final Cut and Aperture quite often, and I was thinking about setting up a raid-0 with the 2 drives, but I know that using the system disk as the scratch disk is bad for Final Cut. I’m not sure if it would be better to just leave them as two separate disks, one for system and my Windows 7 Bootcamp, and one for storage. Or two make it one large drive in raid-0? Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks.

  • marcomanni

    Hi Eric, thx for your all your article. 2 years ago you writhe about optibay pata interface. Now I have the original hdd of the macbook pro late 2007 and a new hitachi 7k500 320gb. I want to buy an optibay and a small ssd, put the second in the sata connector for the os and the hitachi in the optiay. So the question for you is this. Do you think that the pata/sata adapter of the optibay is too slow to obtain the maximum performance from the hitachi?

    Thx for the answer and sorry for my english. The raid 0 is always the best choice with a backup.

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